Wellspring University Journal of Social and Management Sciences

ENVIRONMENTAL REPORTING DISCLOSURE AND FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE: EVIDENCE FROM LISTED OIL AND GAS COMPANIES IN NIGERIA

LAWAL BABATUNDE AKEEM, OYETUNJI OLUWAYOMI TAIWO, AMOSU LUKMAN LADI, OJELADE RACHAEL

May 11, 2026

Citation

Wellspring University Journal of Social and Management Sciences , Vol. 5 (1) (2026) , pp. 39-50

Details

ISSN: 2616-1296
Published: May 11, 2026
Status: Published

Abstract

This study examines the effect of environmental reporting disclosure on the financial performance of listed oil and gas companies in Nigeria. Specifically, it evaluates the influence of emission and energy disclosure, effluents and waste disclosure, and compliance with environmental laws and regulations on firm performance measured by return on assets (ROA) and return on equity (ROE). An ex-post facto research design was adopted using panel data obtained from the annual reports and Nigerian Exchange Group fact books of seven listed oil and gas firms for the period 2014–2023. The data were analysed using Panel Least Squares and Huber Robust regression techniques. The findings indicate that emission and energy disclosure has a significant negative effect on ROA and ROE, suggesting that environmental compliance costs may reduce short-term profitability. Compliance with environmental regulations shows a positive and significant effect on ROA, while effluents and waste disclosure has no significant effect on financial performance. The study concludes that although environmental disclosure enhances corporate legitimacy and sustainability, it may exert short-term financial pressure on firms. The study recommends improved cost-efficient environmental strategies and stronger regulatory frameworks to promote transparent and timely environmental reporting in the Nigerian oil and gas sector.

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